It affects the cell proliferation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, DNA mutation by various mechanisms which leads to cancer. There is decreased immune response and it also poses ill impacts on the reproductive health. There is an increased risk of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal disorders. All the animal and human studies investigating only the role of nicotine were included. A computer aided search of the Medline and PubMed database was done using a combination of the keywords. We undertook this review to specifically evaluate the effects of nicotine on the various organ systems. However there are various studies which show otherwise. The IARC monograph has not included nicotine as a carcinogen. Nicotine is considered to be a safer alternative of tobacco. With the advent of nicotine replacement therapy, the consumption of the nicotine is on the rise.
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